Grammaropolis

Chief Comma

Chief Comma handles series commas, comma before FANBOYS, introductory phrases and clauses, nonessential phrases and clauses, appositives.

Pick a grade band

"Chief Comma rules."

Chief Comma
One concept, eight grades, four frameworks
Tap an answer to see the exact standard it hits, in all four state frameworks.
Framework
Grades 3-5
Which sentence uses a comma correctly before the conjunction in a compound sentence?
Aligned to CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.4.2.C in your state's standards.

No score, no sign-in. Tap to answer, then see the standard it hits. Change the grade above to watch the same idea deepen.

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Mark Patrol
Grades 2 through 8 · Teaches Punctuation inside a sentence

A sentence comes in missing the mark inside it. Read the scene, then place the right comma, apostrophe, quotation marks, semicolon, or colon.

Play Mark Patrol →
What Chief Comma teaches

Chief Comma handles series commas, comma before FANBOYS, introductory phrases and clauses, nonessential phrases and clauses, appositives.

Chief Comma teaches the same idea across every grade, starting simple and going deep. Here is the whole concept: what it does, the jobs and kinds it splits into, the mistakes to watch for, and a worked example for each.

Chief Comma at work

Chief Comma runs the pauses inside a sentence. She separates a list (red, white, and blue), sets off an aside, and teams with a FANBOYS conjunction to join two thoughts (the dog barked, and the cat ran). Push the break harder and the job passes to Sheriff Semicolon; Chief Comma keeps the lighter pauses that make a sentence readable.

Meet Sheriff Semicolon and Connie.

Concept
Separate items in a series

Use commas to separate items in a series (3+ items). Include the Oxford comma before the final 'and' or 'or'.

Examples
  • "Europa, Io, and Calisto are all moons orbiting Jupiter."
  • "Jhumpa's room is huge, dark, and scary."
  • "Summer camp is for making crafts, practicing archery, and meeting new friends."
Watch out for
  • Missing comma in a series
  • Forgetting the Oxford comma
  • Comma splice (using comma instead of proper conjunction)
Concept
Use before FANBOYS coordinating conjunctions

Use a comma before FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So) when they join two independent clauses.

Examples
  • "The birds were chirping, and the sun was shining, but Jerome was still not happy."
  • "I wanted to go to the party, but I had too much homework."
  • "You can have coffee, or you can have tea."
Watch out for
  • Comma splice - using comma without conjunction
  • Using comma with subordinating conjunctions instead
  • Comma before FANBOYS when one clause is dependent
Concept
Set apart nonessential phrases and clauses

Use commas around extra information that could be removed without changing the sentence's basic meaning.

Examples
  • "Smiling as though she could read my mind, my teacher handed me a detention slip."
  • "The tomatoes, planted at the perfect time of year, tasted wonderful."
  • "My best friend, who lives downtown, is visiting tomorrow."
Watch out for
  • Missing commas around nonessential information
  • Using commas around essential information (too many)
  • Only one comma when two are needed
Concept
Set apart appositives and appositive phrases

Use commas to enclose appositives (a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun).

Examples
  • "Steve, an accountant, came over to our house for lunch."
  • "The bird, a condor, soared over the mountains."
  • "My teacher, Mr. Rodriguez, is very strict."
Watch out for
  • Missing comma before appositive
  • Missing comma after appositive
  • Both commas missing
Concept
Set apart parenthetical expressions

Use commas to enclose parenthetical expressions (interrupting thoughts or clarifications).

Examples
  • "The Romans, for example, used aqueducts to direct water to their cities."
  • "People who live in New Mexico, of course, are called New Mexicans."
  • "Grammar, believe it or not, is actually fun."
Watch out for
  • Missing first comma before parenthetical phrase
  • Missing second comma after parenthetical phrase
  • Using parentheses instead of commas inappropriately
For grown-ups

Why families and teachers trust Grammaropolis.

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Praise from press and teachers

"Learning grammar has never been more fun!"

School Library Journal

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Cool Mom Picks

"My students even asked if they can get extra credit for making up a dance or new lyrics to the songs."

Madi Costa-Krisko, 8th Grade, Palo Alto, CA

"After using it last year, my kids really got it!"

Kate Skibicki, 6th Grade, Bismarck, ND
What your child can now do

The Mayor certifies every finished cycle. Chief Comma's certificate joins the set as the cycle ships.

When a child finishes a cycle, the Mayor signs a certificate naming exactly what they learned. Proof of learning, not a score, and standards-aligned across Common Core, Texas, Florida, and New York.

Hear the song

Chief Comma has a song.

“Cut the Drama, and Use a Comma”

Ready to learn Chief Comma's rules with Chief Comma?

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